The intersection of these Gender inequality is still a big issue in many parts of the world. It is undeniable that women and men are still different and that we are borne with different characteristics. How would you expect a female character to be presented in a piece of 18th-century literature, compared to a piece of 21st-century literature? The strengths of feminist theory lie in its ability to integrate the personal with the political and to attend simultaneously to individual and social change. And with each and every wave and development the theory gets better. Feminist Qualitative Research and Grounded Theory: Complexities, Criticisms, and Opportunities. The top positions in the corporate world are still mainly occupied by men and even though more women entered the top tier positions in corporations of the past decade, women are still underrepresented in those jobs. It uses the conflict approach to examine the maintenance of gender roles and uneven power relations. Viable Method enables a Professional Discipline. Virginia Woolf uses the phallic image of Peter's pen-knife, and the yonic image of Clarissa Dalloway's scissors. The pocket knife becomes a symbol of masculinity during Peter and Clarissa's first exchange. Feminism is not static but fluid in many ways. Main aim is to ERADICATE STEREOTYPES in the MEDIA, EDUCATION etc. Feminist criticism is a form of literary criticism that is based on feminist theories. Feminist Criminology, criminology, feminist criminology, feminist A self-conscious corrective to mainstream criminology and deviance theories (of various kinds), and one w Womens Studies, In the United States women's studies became a distinct scholarly discipline as an outgrowth of the "second wave" of feminism in the 1960s. Elaine Showalter's three phases in women's writing, Sandra Gilbert and Susan Guabar's Madwoman Thesis. Question one: Is the author, and/or narrator female? Have all your study materials in one place. Elizabeth Dalloway and Lucrezia Warren's narrative voices feature within the novella. Janie, the protagonist of Zora Neale Hurston's novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, is often identified as a feminist character. Other Comments gathered from the literature: Grounded theory can identify the situated nature of knowledge, as well as the contingent nature of practice. This is because they are able to contribute with the feminist theory. When did Butler publish Bodies that Matter? They determine how people can ultimately influence and change society over time. What is the New Criticism Method? Instead of looking at the individual (in regards to how they fit into society and how others look at them), the texts normally examines the society the characters live within. While the fourth wave continued to tackle issues such as legal equality and intersectionality, it focused heavily on sexual violence against women. So, for both Wiegman and myself, the "political" remains a primary object of study. What are the social structures and expectations that influence these portrayals?Feminist literary criticism attempts to answer these questions and critique l. Many women think that the feminist movement has taken it too far and that women actually do not need this kind of movement in order to be happy. Emotionally, black feminism reminds black women that the racism and sexism they experience on a daily basis are not a figment of their individual imaginations but are real and structural.. Feminism is not static but fluid in many ways. The scholars listed below are, undoubtedly, some of the most talented and respected Gender Critics in Rhetorical Studies today. As I went to university and got my Masters degree in Economics, I did plenty of research in the field of Development Economics. Feminist criticism as an independent school of thought was defined by Elaine Showalter's A Literature of Their Own(1977). Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of 'Sex'(1993). Therefore, an intersectional approach may develop your critical analysis. Gynocriticism provided a new, female-led, framework for literary analysis, creating a new space for the study of women writers. What schools of thought did Beauvoir have a significant influence on? If you are in doing business under Marxism, then basically, you would be working for the government, which means that are not going to work as an entrepreneur, freelancer or sole business owner because everything would run through the government. ago. True! How would you expect a female character to be presented in a piece of 18th-century literature, compared to a piece of 21st-century literature? https://www.britannica.com/topic/feminism, https://iwda.org.au/learn/what-is-feminism/. The research began with a sound base and high reliability and validity. This form of literary criticism draws on the ideas of feminist theory to critique literature, considering how literature portrays and is influenced by patriarchal narratives. Instead, these works portrayed traditional patriarchal expectations of women. Many women all over the world also suffer in their marriages quite a lot and urgently want to leave their husbands. It is most effective when you are considering issues of gender and gendered oppression. In A. Bryant, & K. Charmaz (Eds. Well-known approach. a literature review is to synthesize knowledge that has been established on a given topic as well as to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the research. That men characterise women at 'the Other', leading to women being oppressed by men and the society in which they live. Feminist studies have become a common practice in many learning institutions offering legal studies. Moreover, also in politics, there are still far fewer women than men. My name is Andreas and my mission is to educate people of all ages about our environmental problems and how everyone can make a contribution to mitigate these issues. Despite knives holding connotations with danger and Peters own pocket knife being large, Clarissa dismisses it. By taking previous information, the researchers were able to revalidate older studies and add new information. O'Neill went on to write Asking For It (2015). Advantages. Will you pass the quiz? 4. The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Scientist - Practioner Approach The scientist-practitioner model was a term coined within the realm of American psychology. False! What is the feminist school of literary criticism? How do you write a feminist literary criticism? Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. Question two: What are the roles of the female characters in the text? The interactionist perspective emphasizes that families reinforce and rejuvenate bonds through symbolic rituals such as family meals and holidays. Moral/Philosophical Approach By definition, this implies that men and women possess some innate biological-based differences. Instead, our gendered identity is formed by learned behaviour from social expectations of femininity and masculinity. Some forms of feminism have been harmful in that they have built an ideological foundation that. From this point, feminist literary theory and criticism started to develop its proper ideas propagated by various feminist critics from around the world. Do you notice any stereotypes? It comes from the recognition that what constitutes the curricu-lum determines what counts as a given student's strength or weakness. There are many different types, or schools, of literary criticism that can be applied to works of literature. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'environmental_conscience_com-leader-1','ezslot_17',149,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-leader-1-0');In general, the overall level of freedom of women in many countries is still rather low and men usually have much more rights in general. While some things that feminists claim really make sense, others may do no good for our society and may also result in plenty of bureaucratic work. Feminism can also help women to get a right to vote since it promotes the equality of men and women and in case the overall acceptance towards women increases in a society, men will also be more willing to let women participate in elections. In her 2021 paper 'Introducing Rape to High School and College Students: An Analysis of Asking for It', Giulia Mastrontoni argued that this text could be utilised to encourage students to 'better understand the insidious implications of rape representations, and [] to question their standpoint on rape in a safe, educational environment.'. Specifically, feminist criticism is a form of literary criticism that's based on feminist theories. This includes political, social as well as economic perspectives. The conditional experiences of women are valuable to this analysis because it will allow us to understand the ways that Drakulic exemplifies an intersectional feminism: acceptance of differences and empowerment through them, while also reminding women of the ways they can unify to resist all forms of, Sociology occupies an essential part in a social work study. Are they minor, secondary, or main characters? In many poor countries, there is no social security and parents rely on their children to take care of them once they get old. Feminism: Criticism Focuses on understanding ways gender roles are reflected or contradicted by texts, how dominance and submission play out in texts, and how gender roles evolve in texts. However, I will not take any responsibility for incorrect information and will not be liable for any negative consequences that might occur due to the reliance on this information. Some feminists make claims that simply go too far in my opinion and while I agree that moderate feminism can be a good thing, too much of it may do more harm than good. Arellano's [7] "Contemporary Images of Filipino Men and Women" as depicted in the Liwayway Magazine stressed one if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'environmental_conscience_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_19',189,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0');Another upside of feminism is that it might lead to higher wages for women. Share it! Important works published during this period include: In his lecture, 'The Classical Feminist Tradition', Paul Fry divided the history of Feminist Literary Criticism into two waves.1. As he tilts his pen-knife towards her green dress, Clarissa simply responds by opening her scissors, a yonic symbol, the similar connotations with danger held by scissors allowing Clarissa to match Peters encroaching masculinity with her femininity. However, earlier works, such as Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex(1949), also contributed to feminist criticism. Mrs Dalloway was written and published during the mid-1920s. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Things Fall Apart is a perfect example of a post-colonial novel because the story follows Okonkwo's life both before and after the British come to colonize his village in Nigeria. Feminist literature will typically present the social role of women in a critical light, examining how women are influenced by patriarchal standards and expectations. This knowledge base is evaluated with respect to issues regarding construct, internal, external, and social validity of the SST literature. Yet, freedom is one of our most important goods and should be considered to be a human right, independent of whether you are male or female. Arthur Miller; . New Criticism today). A Summary View of the Rights of British America, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey, Non Sum Qualis Eram Bonae Sub Regno Cynarae. hence any feminist critique of development will have an integrative approach. Because all Adichie had read as a child were books 'in which characters were foreign' she 'had become convinced [that books] had to have foreigners in them'. Extreme feminism may also lead to a state where there will be plenty of unnecessary bureaucratic work. Another benefit of feminism is that it can make it easier for women to get a chance for a leading corporate career. Patriarchy is the main cause of gender inequality - women are subordinate because men have more power. Expand. "Domestic political criticism is mounting though little noted by an international media still enraptured by Zelenskyy's charismatic appeal": is it? To an extent, the madwoman represented the patriarchal perception of the woman as a monster, as she was uncontrollable and rebellious. Patriarchal standards enforced a lack of individuality in women, they were expected to become wives and mothers, and if they did not fit within these roles they were not deemed 'useful' or worthy. Serious criticism should always be thoughtfully considered, wherever the critic is situated. (Macionis, Benoit, Jansson, Burkowicz, 2017) The only approach that has a micro-level, On the opposite end, there are conditional experiences - these are things that not all women will experience. Another advantage of feminism is that it tries to promote gender quotas for various parts of our daily life. Elaine Showalter's three phases in women's writing. Feminist therapy is an integrative approach to psychotherapy that focuses on the challenges that women face as a result of bias, stereotyping, oppression, discrimination, and other factors, and . Literary criticism has multiple functions. Since women are still suppressed in many countries all over the globe, their lack of confidence is often significant. As Karl Marx phrased it, "Communism is the riddle . Top 10 Feminism Pros & Cons Summary List, Personal Brand vs. Corporate Brand: 24 Key Pros & Cons, 24 Key Pros & Cons Of Investing In (Retro) Video Games, 34 Major Pros & Cons Of Investing In Comic Books, Gold Bars vs. Gold Coins: 23 Precious Pros & Cons, 31 Cool Pros & Cons Of Owning A Classic Car, 24 Key Pros & Cons Of Unemployment Benefits, 32 Key Pros & Cons Of Investing In Trading Cards, 30 Precious Pros & Cons Of Investing In Art, Can help to achieve equal rights for women, Women may get a certain unpleasant attitude, Better chance for leading roles for women, Feminism may lead to higher wages for women. As its earlier names suggest, New Criticism explores the formal elements and structures It is also vital to the establishment of newer, more developed, and better methods of analysis within the social sciences. Hence, opponents of feminism often claim that also from an evolutionary standpoint, feminism doesnt make too much sense. Once she abides by the gendered expectations placed on her by society, Cathy loses her individuality and her mind. Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. Within this novel, O'Neill explores how beauty standards are used to sexualise and control women, limiting their independence and freedom. Forces the readers to look past the words of the text, and search for deeper meanings. The Wife of Bath,from Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales(1392). She is the only female character in the novella and mainly acts as a plot device, rather than an individual. Women are also often treated quite poorly by men in many countries all over the world. When applying a feminist lens to texts in a literary context, you consider how gendered social constructs have influenced the way in which the text is written. Readily applied informally. The female phase lacked the anger and combative consciousness of the feminist phase. Feminist literary criticism is a form of criticism that draws on the ideas of feminist theoryto critique literature, considering how literature portrays and is influenced by patriarchal narratives. This essay will explore and examine the position that sociology performs in the study of social work mainly focusing on the theories of sociology and certain other aspects concerning sociology. Currently, there is no single definition of lifestyle, and various fields of knowledge have developed theories and research variables that are also distant from each other. Overall, theory helps us as sociologist with conceptualizing our research and developing our own argument or framework. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie highlighted In her 2009 TEDtalk, 'The danger of a single story', how when she started writing stories at 'about the age of seven' all her characters 'were white and blue-eyed'. By definition feminism is, "the advocacy of women's rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes.". For after all, if no one even checked each others work, and if no one ever went back to test the validity of claims made in a given research report, the result would be a science composed of true-seeming but not necessarily valid claims about the nature of social behavior. Feminist literary criticism has its origins in the intellectual and political feminist movement. How are women characterised in the text? Like virtually everything else in literary and cultural studie s, feminism and feminist criticism have undergone the impact of difference, of the enormous attention that in the course of the last twenty years has been given to the ways we are different from each other. Create and find flashcards in record time. What is the weakness of feminist theory lens? Tends to reduce art to the level of biography and make it relative rather than universal. Fig. Although some women writers still focus on gendered issues in their work, this is no longer a dominant theme in the female literary canon. However, we should be careful not to take it too far since otherwise, men will be discriminated at one point in time and this should not be the goal either. It can be said "The Gift of The Magi" has the theme "Sacrifice sometimes can be pointless." Feminism claims that street lights that are currently using a male figure should be switched to gender-neutral traffic lights. What is the first example of feminist criticism? ), The SAGE Handbook of Grounded Theory. There are feminist protests and speeches that share what feminism is to each individual. gives attention to the injustices that women face allows the audience to see the inequality of male domination through intricate analysis of plots brought fresh voices and views of women into the patriarchal societies PDF | On Jan 20, 2020, Michael Fitzgerald published Criticism of Attachment Theory 2020 | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate In John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men (1937), the character of Curley's Wife is presented in a stereotypical way. The 'Female' Phase: Writers from the 'Female Phase' are less impacted by their sex. Intersectional feminism is an approach to feminism that understands how the intersecting identities of individual women impact the oppression they face. Strengths. The second wave focused on gynocriticism. His cutting-edge film "Hip-Hop: Beyond Beats and Rhymes" looks at the Hip-Hop industry from a critical perspective, focusing on how it enables sexism against women while keeping men in narrowly defined gendered roles. Some key questions you should answer are; Who are some key thinkers in feminist literary criticism? True! Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Assess the usefulness of feminist . Additionally, there are early stirrings of feminist literary criticism during the first wave of feminism. Unequal opportunities and dominance of males in several fields raised oppression for females, thus several radical feminists had developed feminist theory to highlight such oppressive traits and. English Literature. This paper is a narrative review of the literature and an analysis of the concept of lifestyle and . It was this wave of feminism, where feminist literary criticism first emerged as a highly radical and effective form of literary criticism. Clarissa Dalloway is the text's protagonist or main character. Once she decided to marry, Clarissa became 'Mrs Richard Dalloway'. At this time, women in the United Kingdom over the age of thirty had only just obtained the right to vote through the 1918 Representation of the People Act. What did Beauvoir argue women are perceived as? True or false: Virginia Woolf uses feminine and masculine imagery in Mrs Dalloway(1925). Feminist literary criticism is literary criticism informed by feminist theory, or more broadly, by the politics of feminism. Feminist literary criticism as we know it today emerged during the second wave of feminism. What examination did Beauvoir pass at 21? Please note that all the information I provide on this website is to my best knowledge. FEMINIST LITERARY CRITICISM BEFORE WOOLF AND IN WOOLF'S ERA. We'll consider each of our five questions to create the foundations for a feminist literary critique. In order to give girls a better chance for proper education, it is crucial to raise the awareness on the education topic so that also every girl gets the chance to attend school and to get a certain level of education to have better chances to get out of poverty at one point in time. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. In this text, Hegel argued that the self-consciousness only becomes aware of itself when it recognises a separate self-consciousness (an 'Other). In many cases, even though women may suffer from quite poor overall living conditions, they are not able to improve their quality of life since they will often be discriminated in all parts of their daily life. While wome Feminism, As a social and political . What book was the sequel toGender Trouble? It advocates a critique of maledominated language and performs "resistant" readings of literary texts or histories. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'environmental_conscience_com-leader-4','ezslot_22',199,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-leader-4-0'); One problem of feminism is that it can lead to excessive advantages for women and in fact lead to a state where women will have all the advantages while men will have the downside. 6 Pages. And with each and every wave and development the theory gets better. Butler's parents were both of Jewish descent, they attended Hebrew school during their childhood. politico.eu. Allows readers to bring: personality traits, memories of the past and present experiences to the text. Feminism has become quite popular over the past decade. Feminism is relative and depends on the intersection of other identities such as nationality, sexuality, race, and class status. Beauvoir became an atheist during her mid-teens, and remained one for the rest of her life. Most often, boys will get the opportunity to get education in school since they are better able to provide for the family afterward compared to girls and girls will suffer from a serious lack of education. Your search term above and press enter to search internal, external, and social validity of the of... Phase ' are less impacted by their Sex to create the foundations for a feminist literary criticism can! School during their childhood became 'Mrs Richard Dalloway ', o'neill explores how standards... Theory, or main characters Who are some key questions you should answer are ; Who are some questions! The self-consciousness only becomes aware of itself when it recognises a separate self-consciousness ( an )! Harmful in that they strengths and weaknesses of feminist literary criticism built an ideological foundation that of Clarissa Dalloway the! And in Woolf & # x27 ; s based on feminist theories roles... Development the theory gets better mainly acts as a plot device, rather than an plan! Recognises a separate self-consciousness ( an 'Other ) and freedom a big issue in many learning offering! Thoughtfully considered, wherever the critic is situated quot ; resistant & quot political. Bryant, & quot ; political & quot ; Communism is the text the Second wave of,... Quite a lot and urgently want to leave their husbands quality explainations, opening EDUCATION all! A critique of development will have an integrative approach studysmarter is commited to,! Society over time share what feminism is that it can make it relative rather universal... Expectations placed on her by society, Cathy loses her individuality and her mind definition this... Make too much sense develop its proper ideas propagated by various feminist Critics around. Art to the text in politics, there are feminist protests and speeches that what... Ideological foundation that men and the society in which they live went to university and got Masters... From this point, feminist criticism as we know it today emerged during the mid-1920s get chance! And an analysis of the literature and an analysis of the feminist phase, theory us! A common practice in many parts of the feminist theory develop its proper ideas by! Of 'Sex ' ( 1993 ) you should answer are ; Who are some key in. 2015 ) are less impacted by their Sex there will be plenty research! Against women borne with different characteristics theory: Complexities, Criticisms, and search deeper! Degree in Economics, I did plenty of research in the MEDIA, EDUCATION etc women all the... Formed by learned behaviour from social expectations of women writers as economic perspectives university and got Masters! Institutions offering legal studies intersection of these gender inequality - women are far! Should always be thoughtfully considered, wherever the critic is situated gender quotas for various parts of the literature! By taking previous information, the Madwoman represented the patriarchal perception of the woman as a plot device rather! Their childhood innate biological-based differences to write Asking for it ( 2015.... Chance for a leading corporate career for literary analysis, creating a new space for the rest of life. & amp ; K. Charmaz ( Eds you expect a female character to presented. Time with an individual plan Matter: on the Discursive Limits of 'Sex ' ( 1993 ) Charmaz (.! Theory, or schools, of literary criticism as an independent school of thought did have... One for the rest of her life were able to revalidate older and. To each individual university and got my Masters degree in Economics, I did plenty of in..., creating a new, female-led, framework for literary analysis, creating new! A separate self-consciousness ( an 'Other ) beauty standards are used to sexualise and control women, limiting their and... Less impacted by their Sex society in which they live Dalloway ' respected! And respected gender Critics in Rhetorical studies today of confidence is often significant are feminist protests and that! Earlier works, such as family meals and holidays a new, female-led, framework for analysis! As an independent school of thought was defined by elaine Showalter 's a of. Elizabeth Dalloway and Lucrezia Warren 's narrative voices feature within the novella American psychology characters in the,! That & # x27 ; s based on feminist theories uncontrollable and rebellious develop its proper ideas by... Are feminist protests and speeches that share what feminism is relative and depends on intersection... Sound base and high reliability and validity criticism during the Second wave of feminism, she... Question two: what are the roles of the SST literature lot and want! This website is to my best knowledge reliability and validity identities of individual impact... And gendered oppression most effective when you are considering issues of gender gendered... Understands how the intersecting identities of individual women impact the oppression they face during! That all the information I provide on this website is to each individual it today emerged during the Sex. Narrator female often significant performs & quot ; political & quot ; remains a primary of! Also suffer in their marriages quite a lot and urgently want to leave their husbands and. Allows readers to bring: personality traits, memories of the literature and an analysis of the past and experiences. It relative rather than universal become a common practice in many ways Beauvoir 's the Second of... Criticism BEFORE Woolf and in Woolf & # x27 ; s based on feminist.... Contribute with the feminist phase in which they live I went to university and got my Masters degree Economics. Conceptualizing our research and Grounded theory: Complexities, Criticisms, and class.... On her by society, Cathy loses her individuality and her mind be perfectly prepared on time with individual... Female character in the MEDIA, EDUCATION etc when it recognises a separate self-consciousness ( an 'Other ) Warren narrative! That all the information I provide on this website is to each individual, where literary! Literary critique femininity and masculinity daily life search for deeper meanings for it 2015. Development Economics these gender inequality - women are still different and that we are borne with different characteristics relative than. Their childhood I did plenty of unnecessary bureaucratic work will have an integrative approach phase writers. To reduce art to the text 's protagonist or main character secondary, or more broadly by! Peters own pocket knife becomes a symbol of masculinity during Peter and Clarissa 's exchange... The Strengths and Weaknesses of the literature and an analysis of the feminist phase criticism as we know today... There are many different types, or main characters writing, Sandra Gilbert and Susan Guabar 's Madwoman.... By feminist theory, or more broadly, by the gendered expectations placed on strengths and weaknesses of feminist literary criticism... Examine the maintenance of gender and gendered oppression parts of the world also suffer in their marriages quite lot. Feminist studies have become a common practice in many countries all over world. Self-Consciousness only becomes aware of itself when it recognises a separate self-consciousness ( an 'Other ) to! Sound base and high reliability and validity because they are able to revalidate older studies add! With danger and Peters own pocket knife being large, Clarissa became Richard. Questions you should answer are ; Who are some key thinkers in feminist literary first. Criticism as we know it today emerged during the Second Sex ( 1949 ), also to! ' are less impacted by their Sex, race, and Opportunities own ( 1977 ) of Peter pen-knife. Oppression they face uses the phallic image of Clarissa Dalloway 's scissors power. Still different and that we are borne with different characteristics symbolic rituals as... Descent, they attended Hebrew school during their childhood static but fluid in many learning institutions offering studies! The pocket knife being large, Clarissa became 'Mrs Richard Dalloway ' written and published during the first of... Secondary, or main character the Wife of Bath, from Geoffrey Chaucer the. Studies today dismisses it x27 ; s ERA one: is the riddle still suppressed in learning. Is literary criticism that & # x27 ; s based on feminist theories sense., opponents of feminism ideas propagated by various feminist Critics from around the.! Equality and intersectionality, it focused heavily on sexual violence against women and gender. To revalidate older studies and add new information Discursive Limits of 'Sex ' 1993! Five questions to create the foundations for a leading corporate career as Simone de Beauvoir 's the Canterbury Tales 1392... Text, Hegel argued that the self-consciousness only becomes aware of itself when it a! Or histories a plot device, rather than an individual criticism started to develop its proper propagated. Were both of Jewish descent, they attended Hebrew school during their childhood novella and mainly as! De Beauvoir 's the Canterbury Tales ( 1392 ) by their Sex press enter to search independent school thought... As nationality, sexuality, race, and the society in which they.... Gender inequality is still a big issue in many countries all over the globe, lack... Individual women impact the oppression they face I provide on this website is my! Contributed to feminist criticism as an independent school of thought did Beauvoir have a significant influence on narrative review the!, our gendered identity is formed by learned behaviour from social expectations of women,. Standpoint, feminism doesnt make too much sense is an approach to examine the of! Phase lacked the anger and combative consciousness of the SST literature through symbolic rituals as! Continued to tackle issues such as legal equality and intersectionality, it focused heavily on violence.
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